The greatest improvement in the productive powers of labour, and the greater part of the skill, dexterity, and judgment with which it is anywhere directed, or applied, seem to have been the effects of the division of labour…This great increase of the quantity of work which, in consequence of the division of labour, the same number of people are capable of performing, is owing to three different circumstances first, to the increase of dexterity in every particular workman secondly, to the saving of the time which is commonly lost in passing from one species of work to another and lastly, to the invention of a great number of machines which facilitate and abridge labour, and enable one man to do the work of many.” This idea was described by the grandfather of economics, Adam Smith when he described the benefits of division of labour at a pin factory. Specialisation has been used to increase the efficiency of the production process this is called division of labour. Specialisation - the process by which individuals, firms and economies concentrate on producing those goods and services in which they have an advantage.ĭivision of Labour - the process whereby the production process is broken down into a sequence of stages with workers assigned to particular stages. What are the four factors of production? Your answer should include: Capital / Enterprise / Land / Labour Specialisation / division of labour LABOUR (HUMAN CAPITAL) – human labour which is used in economic activity – skills, recruitment and training all develop this factor of production ![]() ![]() LAND – physical resources which are used in economic activity Factors of productionįactors of production – economists commonly distinguish 4 types of economic resources available for use in the production process, which can be remembered by the acronym ‘CELL’:ĬAPITAL (WORKING CAPITAL OR FIXED CAPITAL – not just money!) - man-made things used to manufacture goods and create services.ĮNTERPRISE – the ability to bring all the factors of production together, to take that risk and start that business! How the Digital Economy Affects Markets and Firmsįactors of production and specialisation EnterpriseĮnterprise is sometimes called the most important factor of production – it is fundamental to the organisation of economic activity and put simply, is the ability to bring all the factors of production together, take a RISK in return for profit.Research and Development (R & D) and Innovation.Circular Flow of Income, Expenditure and Output.Developed, Emerging and Developing Economies.Efficiency and competitiveness using lean production.Potential Policy Conflicts and Trade-Offs.Corporate Social Responsibility, Stakeholders.Types of Credit & Impact on the Economy.Understanding the Consumer & Competition. ![]()
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